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onion

General Material Information

Trivial Name onion
Short Description allium cepa
Synonyms
  • allium cepa

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Literature & References

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Publications by PubMed
Chitosan nanoparticles loaded the herbicide paraquat: The influence of the aquatic humic substances on the colloidal stability and toxicity.
Onion peel water extracts enhance immune status in forced swimming rat model.
Survival or growth of inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella on yellow onions (Allium cepa) under conditions simulating food service and consumer handling and storage.
Structural analyses and immunomodulatory properties of fructo-oligosaccharides from onion (Allium cepa).
Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of six essentials oils from the Alliaceae family.
Induction of giant cells by the synthetic food colorants viz. lemon yellow and orange red.
Polyphenols Isolated from Allium cepa L. Induces Apoptosis by Induction of p53 and Suppression of Bcl-2 through Inhibiting PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in AGS Human Cancer Cells.
Onion extract (Allium cepa L.), quercetin and catechin up-regulate paraoxonase 1 activity with concomitant protection against low-density lipoprotein oxidation in male Wistar rats subjected to oxidative stress.
A survey of plants responsible for causing irritant contact dermatitis in the Amathole district, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Furostanol saponins from the seeds of Allium cepa L.
Chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles loaded with paraquat herbicide: an environmentally safer alternative for weed control.
Onion: nature protection against physiological threats.
Effect of processing conditions on the organosulfides of shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group).
Supplementation with Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.) expressing a single alien chromosome from shallot increases the antioxidant activity of Kamaboko fish jelly paste in vitro.
Genoprotectivity of methanol and ethanol extracted leaf sap of Trigonella foenum-graecum in Allium cepa root assay.
Chemical analysis and toxicity of seaweed extracts with inhibitory activity against tropical fruit anthracnose fungi.
Genetic analyses of bolting in bulb onion (Allium cepa L.).
Identification and biological activity of antifungal saponins from shallot ( Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group).
Onion extract structural changes during in vitro digestion and its potential antioxidant effect on brain lipids obtained from low- and high-fat-fed mice.
Polyphenols isolated from Allium cepa L. induces apoptosis by suppressing IAP-1 through inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in human leukemic cells.
Stability and transformation of major flavonols in onion (Allium cepa) solid wastes.
Non-destructive flavour evaluation of red onion (Allium cepa L.) ecotypes: an electronic-nose-based approach.
Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of liquid waste, press water and pond water, produced in the cassava flour industry, and of antitoxic sodium thiosulfate.
Antioxidant and anti-glycation activities correlates with phenolic composition of tropical medicinal herbs.
Onion dehydration: a review.
Hyaluronidase inhibiting activity and radical scavenging potential of flavonols in processed onion.
Effect of organic, conventional and mixed cultivation practices on soil microbial community structure and nematode abundance in a cultivated onion crop.
Re-evaluation of traditional Mediterranean foods. The local landraces of 'Cipolla di Giarratana' (Allium cepa L.) and long-storage tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.): quality traits and polyphenol content.
Encapsulation of a flavonoid-rich Allium cepa L. var. agrogatum don extract in β-cyclodextrin for transdermal drug delivery.
Measurement of the distribution of non-structural carbohydrate composition in onion populations by a high-throughput microplate enzymatic assay.
Structure of pectic polysaccharides isolated from onion Allium cepa L. using a simulated gastric medium and their effect on intestinal absorption.
The uptake of nickel and chromium from irrigation water by potatoes, carrots and onions.
Quality and antioxidant properties of breads enriched with dry onion (Allium cepa L.) skin.
Perceived health properties of wild and cultivated food plants in local and popular traditions of Italy: A review.
2-undecanone and 2-tridecanone in field-grown onion.
Fast phenotyping of LFS-silenced (tearless) onions by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS).
Inhibitory effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) extract on proliferation of cancer cells and adipocytes via inhibiting fatty acid synthase.
Heavy metals in the vegetables collected from production sites.
The effect of aqueous preparation of Allium cepa (onion) and Allium sativa (garlic) on erythrocyte osmotic fragility in Wistar rats: in vivo and in vitro studies.
Evaluation of a method to quantify quercetin aglycone in onion (Allium cepa) by single- and multi-laboratory validation studies.
Novel approach for the determination of volatile compounds in processed onion by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS GC-MS).
Accumulation of heavy metals in edible parts of vegetables irrigated with waste water and their daily intake to adults and children, District Mardan, Pakistan.
A toolkit for bulk PCR-based marker design from next-generation sequence data: application for development of a framework linkage map in bulb onion (Allium cepa L.).
Relationship between total phenolic content, antioxidant potential, and antiglycation abilities of common culinary herbs and spices.
Total phenolics, antioxidant properties and quality of fresh-cut onions (Allium cepa L.) treated with mild-heat.
[Effect of pectin substances on activity of human pancreatic alpha-amylase in vitro].
In vivo nanotoxicity assays in plant models.
Biophysical methods for assessing plant responses to nanoparticle exposure.
Antioxidant and schistosomicidal effect of Allium sativum and Allium cepa against Schistosoma mansoni different stages.
Effect of processing and cooking conditions on onion (Allium cepa L.) induced antiplatelet activity and thiosulfinate content.
AlliumMap-A comparative genomics resource for cultivated Allium vegetables.
Fermentation enhances the in vitro antioxidative effect of onion (Allium cepa) via an increase in quercetin content.
Effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) essential oils on the Aspergillus versicolor growth and sterigmatocystin production.
Two-photon excitation with pico-second fluorescence lifetime imaging to detect nuclear association of flavanols.
Fermentation enhances the biological activity of Allium cepa bulb extracts.
The diversity and abundance of small arthropods in onion, Allium cepa, seed crops, and their potential role in pollination.
Physicochemical characteristics of rapidly dried onion powder and its anti-atherogenic effect on rats fed high-fat diet.
Genotoxicity Assessment of Water Samples from the Sungai Dua River in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Using the Allium cepa Test.
Role of precursors on greening in crushed garlic (Allium sativum) bulbs, and its control with freeze-dried onion powder.
Structure and bioactivity of thiosulfinates resulting from suppression of lachrymatory factor synthase in onion.
Nonvolatile S-alk(en)ylthio-L-cysteine derivatives in fresh onion (Allium cepa L. cultivar).
Physico-chemical and toxicological assessment of liquid wastes from olive processing-related industries.
Radical scavenging capacity and antimutagenic properties of purified proteins from Solanum betaceum fruits and Solanum tuberosum tubers.
Multielement fingerprinting as a tool in origin authentication of PGI food products: Tropea red onion.
Determination of quercetins in onion (Allium cepa) using infrared spectroscopy.
Disintegration efficiency of pulsed electric field induced effects on onion (Allium cepa L.) tissues as a function of pulse protocol and determination of cell integrity by ¹H-NMR relaxometry.
Critical electric field strengths of onion tissues treated by pulsed electric fields.
Identification of candidate amino acids involved in the formation of pink-red pigments in onion (Allium cepa L.) juice and separation by HPLC.
Genotypic variation in the sulfur assimilation and metabolism of onion (Allium cepa L.) I. Plant composition and transcript accumulation.
Genotypic variation in sulphur assimilation and metabolism of onion (Allium cepa L.). II: Characterisation of ATP sulphurylase activity.
Antibacterial activity of natural spices on multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from drinking water, Bangladesh.
Characterization of industrial onion wastes (Allium cepa L.): dietary fibre and bioactive compounds.
Proton-coupled high-affinity phosphate transport revealed from heterologous characterization in Xenopus of barley-root plasma membrane transporter, HvPHT1;1.
Quercetin and isorhamnetin glycosides in onion (Allium cepa L.): varietal comparison, physical distribution, coproduct evaluation, and long-term storage stability.
Addition of a combination of onion (Allium cepa) and coconut (Cocos nucifera) to food of sheep stops gastrointestinal helminthic infections.
Terrestrial toxicity evaluation of decabromodiphenyl ethane on organisms from three trophic levels.
Fate of flavonoids in the outer skins of onion (Allium cepa L.) throughout curing.
Using one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) quantitative proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (q NMR) for the identification and quantification of taste compounds in raw onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs and in aqueous solutions where onion tissues are soaked.
Genotoxicity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles at two trophic levels: plant and human lymphocytes.
Ultraviolet light stimulates flavonol accumulation in peeled onions and controls microorganisms on their surface.
Evaluation of the genotoxicity of chitosan nanoparticles for use in food packaging films.
An onion byproduct affects plasma lipids in healthy rats.
Effects of extracts of spices on rumen methanogenesis, enzyme activities and fermentation of feeds in vitro.
Quercetin and isorhamnetin in sweet and red cultivars of onion (Allium cepa L.) at harvest, after field curing, heat treatment, and storage.
Applications of direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry (DART-MS) in Allium chemistry. (Z)-butanethial S-oxide and 1-butenyl thiosulfinates and their S-(E)-1-butenylcysteine S-oxide precursor from Allium siculum.
Quantification of xylitol in foods by an indirect competitive immunoassay.
Mutagenic screening of some commonly used medicinal plants in Nigeria.
Comparison of mono- and di-saccharides release in aqueous solutions by raw or fried dice of onion (Allium Cepa L.) bulbs using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR).
Anti-allergic effects of herbal product from Allium cepa (bulb).
Polyphenolics from various extracts/fractions of red onion (Allium cepa) peel with potent antioxidant and antimutagenic activities.
Evaluation of androgenic activity of allium cepa on spermatogenesis in the rat.
Flavonoids in onion cultivars (Allium cepa L.).
Pungency evaluation of onion cultivars from the Venezuelan West-Center region by flow injection analysis-UV-visible spectroscopy pyruvate determination.
Chemical compositions and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities of steam distillate from freeze-dried onion ( Allium cepa L.) sprout.
Protective roles of onion and garlic extracts on cadmium-induced changes in sperm characteristics and testicular oxidative damage in rats.
Effects of dietary onion (Allium cepa L.) in a high-fat diet streptozotocin-induced diabetes rodent model.
Organic acid contents in onion cultivars (Allium cepa L.).
Estimation of discrimination errors in the technique for determining the geographic origin of onions by mineral composition: interlaboratory study.
Effect of nitrogen species supply and mycorrhizal colonization on organosulfur and phenolic compounds in onions.
Quercetin from shallots (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) is more bioavailable than its glucosides.
Evaluation of genotoxic effects of sodium propionate, calcium propionate and potassium propionate on the root meristem cells of Allium cepa.
Antidepressant-like effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) powder in a rat behavioral model of depression.
Organically fertilized onions (Allium cepa L.): effects of the fertilizer placement method on quercetin content and soil nitrogen dynamics.
Onions: a source of unique dietary flavonoids.
Antimutagenic potential of curcumin on chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa.
Modified method for rapid quantitation of S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxide in yellow onions (Allium cepa L.).
Allium cepa chromosome aberration and micronucleus tests applied to study genotoxicity of extracts from pesticide-treated vegetables and grapes.
Onion flesh and onion peel enhance antioxidant status in aged rats.
Effect of extraction procedure on measured sugar concentrations in onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs.
Monitoring of alcoholic fermentation of onion juice by NIR spectroscopy: valorization of worthless onions.
Isolation and identification of potential cancer chemopreventive agents from methanolic extracts of green onion (Allium cepa).
Determination of the geographic origin of onions between three main production areas in Japan and other countries by mineral composition.
Onion and garlic use and human cancer.
Genotoxicity of five food preservatives tested on root tips of Allium cepa L.
Quercetin content in field-cured onions (Allium cepa L.): effects of cultivar, lifting time, and nitrogen fertilizer level.
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of quercetin oxidation products from yellow onion (Allium cepa) skin.
Effects of fertilization, crop year, variety, and provenance factors on mineral concentrations in onions.
Beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: a eukaryotic DNA polymerase lambda inhibitor.
Studies of VA-Mycorrhizal fungi associated with some weed plants in sugar mill effluent soils.
Model studies on precursor system generating blue pigment in onion and garlic.
Identification of two novel pigment precursors and a reddish-purple pigment involved in the blue-green discoloration of onion and garlic.
Genetic mapping of a major gene affecting onion bulb fructan content.
Allium vegetable diet can reduce the exercise-induced oxidative stress but does not alter plasma cholesterol profile in rats.
The analysis of onion and garlic.
Plant foods in the management of diabetes mellitus: spices as beneficial antidiabetic food adjuncts.
Evaluation of the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and antimutagenicity of propolis from Tucuman, Argentina.
Antibiotic uptake by plants from soil fertilized with animal manure.
Antioxidative compounds from the outer scales of onion.
The use of health foods, spices and other botanicals in the Sikh community in London.
Two different Bacillus thuringiensis toxin genes confer resistance to beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Hübner) in transgenic Bt-shallots (Allium cepa L.).
Environmental implications of adopting a dominant factor approach to salinity management.
Fumigant activity of plant essential oils and components from garlic (Allium sativum) and clove bud (Eugenia caryophyllata) oils against the Japanese termite (Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe).
A gamma-glutamyl peptide isolated from onion (Allium cepa L.) by bioassay-guided fractionation inhibits resorption activity of osteoclasts.
Flavonol glucoside profile of southern Italian red onion (Allium cepa L.).
Fumonisins in foods from Cordoba (Argentina), presence and genotoxicity.
Antagonistic effects of several bacteria on Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of root and crown rot of onion under field conditions.
Purification and cloning of a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase from onion (Allium cepa).
Purification and characterization of a fructosyltransferase from onion bulbs and its key role in the synthesis of fructo-oligosaccharides in vivo.
Antispasmodic saponins from bulbs of red onion, Allium cepa L. var. Tropea.
Effectiveness of household natural sanitizers in the elimination of Salmonella typhimurium on rocket (Eruca sativa Miller) and spring onion (Allium cepa L.).
Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) studies of benzoxazinones, their degradation products and analogues. phytotoxicity on standard target species (STS).
Biochemical study on the hypoglycemic effects of onion and garlic in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
[Microbiological study of dehydrated garlic (Allium sativum L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.)].
Renal lesions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats maintained on onion and capsaicin containing diets.
Varietal differences in phenolic content and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of onions.
Effect of temperature on soluble invertase activity, and glucose, fructose and sucrose status of onion bulbs (Allium cepa) in store.
Chemical characterization of interspecific hybrids between Allium cepa L. and Allium kermesinum Rchb.
Evaluation of carbohydrates in Pukekohe Longkeeper and Grano cultivars of Allium cepa.
Low molecular weight phenols from the bioactive aqueous fraction of Cestrum parqui.
Phytotoxins from the leaves of Ruta graveolens.
Quantitation of the intense aroma compound 3-mercapto-2-methylpentan-1-ol in raw and processed onions (Allium cepa) of different origins and in other Allium varieties using a stable isotope dilution assay.
[Genotoxic effects of pesticide-treated vegetable extracts using the Allium cepa chromosome aberration and micronucleus tests].
Honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) foraging in response to preconditioning with onion flower scent compounds.
Lignans and neolignans from Brassica fruticulosa: effects on seed germination and plant growth.
Hypoglycaemic and antioxidant effects of onion, Allium cepa: dietary onion addition, antioxidant activity and hypoglycaemic effects on diabetic rats.
Protein glycation inhibitory and antioxidative activities of some plant extracts in vitro.
Aroma analysis of fresh and preserved onions and leek by dual solid-phase microextraction-liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Characterization of some Allium hybrids by aroma precursors, aroma profiles, and alliinase activity.
Flavonoid and carbohydrate contents in Tropea red onions: effects of homelike peeling and storage.
Antiradical activity of water soluble components in common diet vegetables.
Structural carbohydrate differences and potential source of dietary fiber of onion (Allium cepa L.) tissues.
Domestic processing of onion bulbs (Allium cepa) and asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis): effect on flavonol content and antioxidant status.
Aquatic humic substances inhibit clastogenic events in germinating seeds of herbaceous plants.
Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum ping pong).
Toxicological evaluation of commercial mineral water bottled in polyethylene terephthalate: a cytogenetic approach with Allium cepa.
Effect of storage on fructan and fructooligosaccharide of onion (Allium cepa L.).
Effect of dietary quercetin on oxidative DNA damage in healthy human subjects.
Physicochemical characteristics of onion (Allium cepa L.) tissues.
The mechanical properties and molecular dynamics of plant cell wall polysaccharides studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.
Natural and synthetic podolactones with potential use as natural herbicide models.
A novel alliinase from onion roots. Biochemical characterization and cDNA cloning.
Nutrient composition and nutritional importance of green leaves and wild food resources in an agricultural district, Koutiala, in southern Mali.
Transient expression of uidA constructs in in vitro onion (Allium cepa L.) cultures following particle bombardment and Agrobacterium-mediated DNA delivery.
Modulation of lipid peroxidation by dietary components.
Malonylated anthocyanins from bulbs of red onion, Allium cepa L.
Acute and subacute toxicity tests of onion coat, natural colorant extracted from onion (Allium cepa L.), in (C57BL/6 x C3H)F1 mice.
Dietary exposure to aflatoxin in Benin City, Nigeria: a possible public health concern.
Cycloheximide genotoxicity in in vitro and in vivo test systems.
Propachlor and N-isopropylaniline residues in onions (Allium cepa) and muck soils.
Effects of certain food dyes on chromosomes of Allium cepa.
Cytological effects of fungal metabolites produced by fungi isolated from Egyptian poultry feedstuffs.
The C-S Lyases of Higher Plants : Direct Comparison of the Physical Properties of Homogeneous Alliin Lyase of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Onion (Allium cepa).
The C-S Lyases of Higher Plants : Isolation and Properties of Homogeneous Cystine Lyase from Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var botrytis) Buds.
Lachrymatory factor in sprouting onion (Allium cepa)
Hypoglycaemic effects of onion, Allium cepa Linn. on diabetes mellitus - a preliminary report.
Formation of dimethyl sulphide from S-methylmethionine in onion seedlings (Allium cepa).
[Effects of certain storage conditions on the viability of onion (Allium cepa L.) and cauliflower (Brassica cleracea L)].
EFFECT OF STORAGE OF X-RAY IRRADIATED ONIONS ALLIUM CEPA L. ON CHANGES IN CELL PERMEABILITY.
Publications by J-Stage
Proton Transfer in a Reaction Catalyzed by Onion Lachrymatory Factor Synthase

Other Information

FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
Wikipedia:View
FAO:REPORT OF THE 37th SESSION OF THE CODEX COMMITTEE ON FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No

Organoleptic Properties

Flavor Type: Onion
onion
General comment Onion

Occurrences

Safety Information

Safety information

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
spices, other natural seasonings and flavorings
Recommendation for onion usage levels up to:
not for fragrance use.
Recommendation for onion flavor usage levels up to:
not for flavor use.

Safety references

None found