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nonanal (aldehyde C-9)

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name nonanal (aldehyde C-9)
Trivial Name Nonanal
Short Description pelargonaldehyde
Formula C9 H18 O
CAS Number 124-19-6
Deleted CAS Number 918959-88-3
FEMA Number 2782
Flavis Number 5.025
ECHA Number 204-688-5
FDA UNII 2L2WBY9K6T
Nikkaji Number J5.547F
Beilstein Number 1236701
MDL MFCD00007030
COE Number 114
xLogP3-AA 3.30 (est)
Bio Activity Summary External link
NMR Predictor External link
JECFA Food Flavoring 101 nonanal
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 124-19-6 ; NONANAL
Synonyms
  • aldehyde C-9
  • nonaldehyde
  • 1-nonaldehyde
  • N- nonaldehyde
  • 1-nonanal
  • N- nonanal
  • nonanoic aldehyde
  • nonoic aldehyde
  • nonyl aldehyde
  • 1-nonyl aldehyde
  • N- nonyl aldehyde
  • nonylaldehyde
  • N- nonylaldehyde
  • nonylic aldehyde
  • pelargonaldehyde
  • pelargonic aldehyde
  • pergonal
  • Nonanal
  • Nonanaldehyde
  • n-Nonanal
  • n-Nonylaldehyde
  • Aldehyde C 9
  • NSC 5518
  • Aldehyde C 09

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Literature & References

nonanal
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:124-19-6
Pubchem (cid):31289
Pubchem (sid):134975056
Flavornet:124-19-6
Pherobase:View
Publications by Info
Volatile Flavor Components in Bogyojosaeng and Suhong Cultivars of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.)
Publications by PubMed
Preliminary evaluation of a nonanal lure for collection of gravid Culex quinquefasciatus.
Identification, Synthesis, and Behavioral Activity of 5,11-Dimethylpentacosane, A Novel Sex Pheromone Component of the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria Mellonella (L.).
Appearance of aldehydes in the surface layer of lake waters.
Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extracts of Tragopogon graminifolius, a medicinal herb from Iran.
Salivary microbiota and metabolome associated with celiac disease.
A fishy odor episode in a north China reservoir: occurrence, origin, and possible odor causing compounds.
Monitoring of Selected Skin-Borne Volatile Markers of Entrapped Humans by Selective Reagent Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry in NO(+) Mode.
Exocrine secretions of wheel bugs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Arilus spp.): clarification and chemistry.
1,4-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-diaza-2,5-cyclohexadienes as Strong Salt-Free Reductants for Generating Low-Valent Early Transition Metals with Electron-Donating Ligands.
Development and assessment of plant-based synthetic odor baits for surveillance and control of malaria vectors.
Aldehyde reductase activity in the antennae of Helicoverpa armigera.
Anti-fungal activity of Citrus reticulata Blanco essential oil against Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum.
Cyanobacterial aldehyde deformylase oxygenation of aldehydes yields n-1 aldehydes and alcohols in addition to alkanes.
Hospital-based HIV/HSV-2 seroprevalence among male patients with anal disease in Korea: cross sectional study.
The effect of feed solids concentration and inlet temperature on the flavor of spray dried whey protein concentrate.
Volatile constituents of commercial imported and domestic black-ripe table olives (Olea europaea).
Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography analysis of volatile carbonyl compounds in virgin olive oils.
Assessing the chemotaxis behavior of Physarum polycephalum to a range of simple volatile organic chemicals.
Inhibition of Pseudogymnoascus destructans growth from conidia and mycelial extension by bacterially produced volatile organic compounds.
Surface emission determination of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from a closed industrial waste landfill using a self-designed static flux chamber.
Oxylipins generation in Lactobacillus helveticus in relation to unsaturated fatty acid supplementation.
Identification of volatiles from oxidised phosphatidylcholine molecular species using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Effect of high oxygen and high carbon dioxide atmosphere packaging on the microbial spoilage and shelf-life of fresh-cut honeydew melon.
EAG responses of Apis cerana to floral compounds of a biodiesel plant, Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae).
A new approach to control the enigmatic activity of aldose reductase.
Effect of chemical form, heating, and oxidation products of linoleic acid on rumen bacterial population and activities of biohydrogenating enzymes.
Comparative quantitative analysis of headspace volatiles and their association with BADH2 marker in non-basmati scented, basmati and non-scented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars of India.
Pachydictyols B and C: new diterpenes from Dictyota dichotoma Hudson.
Evaluation of a nonanal-trimethylamine lure for collection of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in gravid traps.
Disruption of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) oviposition by the application of host plant volatiles.
Volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath in a healthy population: effect of tobacco smoking.
Profile of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath changes as a result of gluten-free diet.
Blow fly responses to semiochemicals produced by decaying carcasses.
Pre-exposure to nitric oxide modulates the effect of ozone on oxidative defenses and volatile emissions in lima bean.
Characterization of Aronia melanocarpa volatiles by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), simultaneous distillation/extraction (SDE), and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) methods.
Effects of starvation on the olfactory responses of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus.
Apple volatiles synergize the response of codling moth to pear ester.
Ozone and ozone byproducts in the cabins of commercial aircraft.
Aldehyde concentrations in wet deposition and river waters.
Development of a method for the monitoring of odor-causing compounds in atmospheres surrounding wastewater treatment plants.
Southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, antennal and behavioral responses to nonhost leaf and bark volatiles.
Odour-causing compounds in air samples: gas-liquid partition coefficients and determination using solid-phase microextraction and GC with mass spectrometric detection.
Inhibitory effects of fruit flavors on methane production during anaerobic digestion.
Common host-derived chemicals increase catches of disease-transmitting mosquitoes and can improve early warning systems for Rift Valley fever virus.
Effect of bleaching permeate from microfiltered skim milk on 80% serum protein concentrate.
Chemical identification, emission pattern and function of male-specific pheromones released by a rarely swarming locust, Schistocerca americana.
Identification of characteristic flavour precursors from enzymatic hydrolysis-mild thermal oxidation tallow by descriptive sensory analysis and gas chromatography-olfactometry and partial least squares regression.
Shelf-life of infrared dry-roasted almonds.
Influence of processing on the volatile profile of strawberry spreads made with isomaltulose.
Volatile profile analysis and quality prediction of Longjing tea (Camellia sinensis) by HS-SPME/GC-MS.
Ion mobility spectrometry for detection of skin volatiles.
Guatemalan potato moth Tecia solanivora distinguish odour profiles from qualitatively different potatoes Solanum tuberosum L.
Decaying mouse volatiles perceived by Calliphora vicina Rob.-Desv.
Identification and quantification of odorous compounds from adhesives used in food packaging materials by headspace solid phase extraction and headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry.
Electrophysiological responses of the olfactory receptors of the tick Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae) to host-related and tick pheromone-related synthetic compounds.
Sexual dimorphism in scent substances and cuticular lipids of adult Papilio protenor butterflies.
A combination of modified atmosphere and antimicrobial packaging to extend the shelf-life of beefsteaks stored at chill temperature.
Dopamine release from rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and rat brain striata induced by a series of straight carbon chain aldehydes with variations in carbon chain length and functional groups.
Identification and quantification of aroma compounds of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) and some of its milling fractions.
An overlooked component: (Z)-9-tetradecenal as a sex pheromone in Helicoverpa armigera.
Identification and field evaluation of pear fruit volatiles attractive to the oriental fruit moth, Cydia molesta.
Analysis and optimization of a synthetic milkweed floral attractant for mosquitoes.
Effect of bleaching whey on sensory and functional properties of 80% whey protein concentrate.
Measurement of volatile organic compounds emitted in libraries and archives: an inferential indicator of paper decay?
Fabrication of novel nanoporous array anodic alumina solid-phase microextraction fiber coating and its potential application for headspace sampling of biological volatile organic compounds.
Identification of aroma-active compounds in Jiashi muskmelon juice by GC-O-MS and OAV calculation.
Resolution of volatile fuel compound profiles from Ascocoryne sarcoides: a comparison by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry and solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of the black-banded oak borer, Coroebus florentinus, to conspecific and host-plant volatiles.
Effect of roasting conditions on color and volatile profile including HMF level in sweet almonds (Prunus dulcis).
Responses of Dendroctonus brevicomis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in behavioral assays: implications to development of a semiochemical-based tool for tree protection.
Identification of tartary buckwheat tea aroma compounds with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Knockdown of microplitis mediator odorant receptor involved in the sensitive detection of two chemicals.
Determination of the volatile composition in brown millet, milled millet and millet bran by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
ZnO nanorod coating for solid phase microextraction and its applications for the analysis of aldehydes in instant noodle samples.
Semi-field comparison of the BG Lure, nonanal, and 1-octen-3-ol to attract adult mosquitoes in northwestern Florida.
Volatile dose and exposure time impact perception in neighboring plants.
Volatile compounds and antioxidative activity of Porophyllum tagetoides extracts.
Volatile organic compounds in headspace over electrical components at 75 to 200°C - part 1. identification of constituents and emission rates.
Nematicidal activity of (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and (E)-2-decenal from Ailanthus altissima against Meloidogyne javanica.
Comparison of metabolomic profiles obtained using chemical ionization and electron ionization MS in exhaled breath.
Evaluation of settled floor dust for the presence of microbial metabolites and volatile anthropogenic chemicals in indoor environments by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS methods.
Aroma evaluation of gamazumi (Viburnum dilatatum) by aroma extract dilution analysis and odour activity value.
The compositions of volatiles and aroma-active compounds in dried omija fruits (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) according to the cultivation areas.
[Diurnal rhythm of Viburnum awabuki and Betula luminifera volatiles and electroantennogram response of Batocera horsfieldi].
Functional characterization and immunolocalization of odorant binding protein 1 in the lucerne plant bug, Adelphocoris lineolatus (GOEZE).
Hot and cold water infusion aroma profiles of Hibiscus sabdariffa: fresh compared with dried.
Influence of pulsed electric field treatments on the volatile compounds of milk in comparison with pasteurized processing.
Effect of enzyme activity and frozen storage on jalapeño pepper volatiles by selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry.
Volatile analysis of ground almonds contaminated with naturally occurring fungi.
Chemical characterization of commercial Sherry vinegar aroma by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-olfactometry.
Eavesdropping on plant volatiles by a specialist moth: significance of ratio and concentration.
Simple and automatic determination of aldehydes and acetone in water by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Characterization of the key aroma compounds in cooked grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) by application of aroma extract dilution analysis.
Oxidative stability and sensory quality of meat from broiler chickens fed a bacterial meal produced on natural gas.
The effect of an ion generator on indoor air quality in a residential room.
Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, to sorghum volatiles.
Volatile attractants for the common bluebottle, Graphium sarpedon nipponum, from the host, Cinnamomum camphora.
Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on malignant melanoma cells of essential oils from the aerial parts of Genista sessilifolia and G. tinctoria.
Arm-in-cage testing of natural human-derived mosquito repellents.
The impact of antioxidant addition on flavor of cheddar and mozzarella whey and cheddar whey protein concentrate.
Evolution of the volatile compounds of ripened sausages as a function of both storage time and composition of packaging atmosphere.
Anti-complement activity of essential oils from red and black rice bran.
Exogenous methyl jasmonate diminishes the formation of lipid-derived compounds in boiled potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).
Comparison of volatile release in tomatillo and different varieties of tomato during chewing.
Pheromone binding to general odorant-binding proteins from the navel orangeworm.
Alkylpyrazines and other volatiles in cocoa liquors at pH 5 to 8, by Selected Ion Flow Tube-Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS).
Chemical composition and antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the flower oil of Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb from Tunisia.
Sweet smells prepare plants for future stress: Airborne induction of plant disease immunity.
Volatile compounds of flowers and leaves of Sideritis italica (Miller) Greuter et Burdet (Lamiaceae), a plant used as mountain tea.
Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to caterpillar-induced volatiles from cotton.
Knockdown of a mosquito odorant-binding protein involved in the sensitive detection of oviposition attractants.
Odor detection by humans of lineal aliphatic aldehydes and helional as gauged by dose-response functions.
Nematicidal activity of essential oils and volatiles derived from Portuguese aromatic flora against the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.
Kairomonal response of the parasitoid, Bracon hebetor Say, to the male-produced sex pheromone of its host, the greater Waxmoth, Galleria mellonella (L.).
The effect of bleaching agent on the flavor of liquid whey and whey protein concentrate.
Low-concentration ozone reacts with plasmalogen glycerophosphoethanolamine lipids in lung surfactant.
Flavor variability and flavor stability of U.S.-produced whole milk powder.
Acute olfactory response of Culex mosquitoes to a human- and bird-derived attractant.
Breath gas aldehydes as biomarkers of lung cancer.
Airborne induction and priming of plant defenses against a bacterial pathogen.
Essential oil composition of lady's mantle (Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm.) growing wild in Alpine pastures.
Formaldehyde and other volatile organic chemical emissions in four FEMA temporary housing units.
Iron is an essential cause of fishy aftertaste formation in wine and seafood pairing.
Analysis of aldehyde reductases from Gluconobacter oxydans 621H.
Development of a GC x GC-TOFMS method using SPME to determine volatile compounds in cacao beans.
Exploring the structural properties of simple aldehydes: a Monte Carlo and small-angle X-ray scattering study.
Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) responses to volatile cues from Barley yellow dwarf virus-infected wheat.
Mandibular gland secretions of meliponine worker bees: further evidence for their role in interspecific and intraspecific defence and aggression and against their role in food source signalling.
Effect of soybean volatile compounds on Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin production.
Characterization of volatile aroma compounds from red and black rice bran.
Field-testing of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles as attractants for beneficial insects.
Airborne concentrations of volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde and ammonia in Finnish office buildings with suspected indoor air problems.
Monitoring of warmed-over flavour in pork using the electronic nose - correlation to sensory attributes and secondary lipid oxidation products.
Gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of the volatile compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats.
Olfactory interference during inhibitory backward pairing in honey bees.
Binding of flavor compounds and whey protein isolate as affected by heat and high pressure treatments.
Volatile compounds of fresh and dry-cured loin as affected by dietary conjugated linoleic acid and monounsaturated fatty acids.
Cold fiber solid-phase microextraction device based on thermoelectric cooling of metal fiber.
Chlorogenic acid derivatives with alkyl chains of different lengths and orientations: potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
Natural odor ligands for olfactory receptor neurons of the female mosquito Aedes aegypti: use of gas chromatography-linked single sensillum recordings.
Reverse and conventional chemical ecology approaches for the development of oviposition attractants for Culex mosquitoes.
Identification and field evaluation of grape shoot volatiles attractive to female grape berry moth (Paralobesia viteana).
Quenching of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes by green tea polyphenols: HPLC-ESI-MS/MS studies.
Nematicidal activity of plant essential oils and components from coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Oriental sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis), and valerian (Valeriana wallichii) essential oils against pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus).
Identification of the airborne aggregation pheromone of the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius.
Effect of enhancement and ageing on flavor and volatile compounds in various beef muscles.
Abundances and flux estimates of volatile organic compounds from a dairy cowshed in Germany.
Effect of lipid peroxidation products on the activity of human retinol dehydrogenase 12 (RDH12) and retinoid metabolism.
Comparison of odor-active compounds from six distinctly different rice flavor types.
Antennal and behavioral responses of Cis boleti to fungal odor of Trametes gibbosa.
Mixing ratios of carbonyls and BTEX in ambient air of Kolkata, India and their associated health risk.
Characterization of volatile aroma compounds in cooked black rice.
Unsaturated lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes activate autophagy in vascular smooth-muscle cells.
"Solventless" continuous flow homogeneous hydroformylation of 1-octene.
Determination of aldehydes in human breath by on-fibre derivatization, solid-phase microextraction and GC-MS.
Kinetic analysis of volatile formation in milk subjected to pressure-assisted thermal treatments.
Increasing analytical space in gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry with dispersion field amplitude programming.
Ozone-initiated chemistry in an occupied simulated aircraft cabin.
Components of the essential oil from Matteuccia struthiopteris.
Comparison of the volatile composition in thyme honeys from several origins in Greece.
Functional analysis of a subset of canine olfactory receptor genes.
Quantitation of selected odor-active constituents in dry fermented sausages prepared with different curing salts.
Platinum-catalyzed hydroformylation of terminal and internal octenes.
[Aromatic constituents in fresh leaves of Lingtou Dancong tea under Basilepta melanopus Lefevre stress].
Chemical compositions of fine particulate organic matter emitted from Chinese cooking.
Structural analysis of oligomeric molecules formed from the reaction products of oleic acid ozonolysis.
Electrophysiological responses of the lepidopterous stemborers Chilo partellus and Busseola fusca to volatiles from wild and cultivated host plants.
Honeybees learn floral odors while receiving nectar from foragers within the hive.
Volatile emissions from Aesculus hippocastanum induced by mining of larval stages of Cameraria ohridella influence oviposition by conspecific females.
Ozone-initiated secondary emission rates of aldehydes from indoor surfaces in four homes.
Determination of volatile organic compound patterns characteristic of five unifloral honey by solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled to chemometrics.
Carbonyl emissions from commercial cooking sources in Hong Kong.
Evaluation of characteristic aroma compounds of Citrus natsudaidai Hayata (Natsudaidai) cold-pressed peel oil.
Exocrine chemistry of the myrmicine ant Zacryptocerus pusillus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
In vitro antifungal and anti-elastase activity of some aliphatic aldehydes from Olea europaea L. fruit.
Screening the oxidative potential of several mono- and di-halogenated biphenyls and biphenyl ethers in rat hepatocytes.
Products and mechanisms of the reaction of oleic acid with ozone and nitrate radical.
Changes induced by UV radiation during virgin olive oil storage.
Astrocytic biotransformation of trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal is dose-dependent.
Volatiles modulate the development of plant pathogenic rust fungi.
Electroantennogram and behavioral responses of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) females to chemicals found in human skin emanations.
Use of SPME-GC-MS in the study of time evolution of the constituents of saffron aroma: modifications of the composition during storage.
Nonhost angiosperm volatiles and verbenone disrupt response of western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), to attractant-baited traps.
Application of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation biomarkers for oxidative damage in mammalian cells. A comparison with two fluorescent probes.
Role of 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal in the pathogenesis of fibrosis.
Electrophysiological and behavioral responses to chocolate volatiles in both sexes of the pyralid moths Ephestia cautella and Plodia interpunctella.
Olfactory sensitivity for aliphatic aldehydes in CD-1 mice.
Simultaneous determination of mono- and dicarboxylic acids, omega-Oxo-carboxylic acids, midchain ketocarboxylic acids, and aldehydes in atmospheric aerosol samples.
Olfactory sensitivity for aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes in spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi).
Quantitative determination of thermally derived off-flavor compounds in milk using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography.
Influence of the addition of rosemary essential oil on the volatiles pattern of porcine frankfurters.
Quality characteristics of irradiated turkey breast rolls formulated with plum extract.
Identification of the larval aggregation pheromone of codling moth, Cydia pomonella.
Products of ozone-initiated chemistry in a simulated aircraft environment.
Simultaneous analysis of termiticides in indoor air by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
How rainfall, relative humidity and temperature influence volatile emissions from apple trees in situ.
Further field evaluation of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles as attractants for beneficial insects.
[Analysis of residual volatiles in recycled polyethylene terephthalate].
Antennal and behavioral responses of grapevine moth Lobesia botrana females to volatiles from grapevine.
Evaluation of a multi-parameter biomarker set for oxidative damage in man: increased urinary excretion of lipid, protein and DNA oxidation products after one hour of exercise.
Main compounds responsible for off-odour of strawberries infected by Phytophthora cactorum.
Aroma analysis of light-exposed milk stored with and without natural and synthetic antioxidants.
Chlorpyrifos-induced alterations in rat brain acetylcholinesterase, lipid peroxidation and ATPases.
Effect of the type of frying culinary fat on volatile compounds isolated in fried pork loin chops by using SPME-GC-MS.
Chemical composition of corn leaf essential oils and their role in the oviposition behavior of Sesamia nonagrioides females.
Volatile organic compounds as signals in a plant-herbivore system: electrophysiological responses in olfactory sensilla of the moth Cactoblastis cactorum.
Interspecific differences in Aethia spp. auklet odorants and evidence for chemical defense against ectoparasites.
Semiochemistry of the goldeneyed lacewing Chrysopa oculata: attraction of males to a male-produced pheromone.
Comparison between exhaled and sputum oxidative stress biomarkers in chronic airway inflammation.
Symptoms in relation to chemicals and dampness in newly built dwellings.
Mastrus ridibundus parasitoids eavesdrop on cocoon-spinning codling moth, Cydia pomonella, larvae.
Aroma compounds in sweet whey powder.
Photoelectron resonance capture ionization mass spectrometry: a soft ionization source for mass spectrometry of particle-phase organic compounds.
Production of volatile compounds by Fuji apples following exposure to high CO2 or low O2.
Analysis of volatiles in porcine liver pâtés with added sage and rosemary essential oils by using SPME-GC-MS.
Volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis and sources of limonene, cyclohexanone and straight chain aldehydes in axenic cultures of Calothrix and Plectonema.
Influence of temperature, modified atmosphere packaging, and heat treatment on aroma compounds in broccoli.
Application of solid-phase microextraction to the analysis of volatile compounds in virgin olive oils.
Determination of important odor-active aldehydes of wine through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of their O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)oximes formed directly in the solid phase extraction cartridge used for selective isolation.
MS fragment isotope ratio analysis for evaluation of citrus essential oils by HRGC-MS.
Volatile components in metatarsal glands of sika deer, Cervus nippon.
Angiosperm bark volatiles disrupt response of Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae, to attractant-baited traps.
Aldehyde contamination of mineral water stored in PET bottles.
Increase in molecular rigidity of the protein conformation of brain Na+-K+-ATPase by modification with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal.
The coding of odour-intensity in the honeybee antennal lobe: local computation optimizes odour representation.
Migration of volatile degradation products into ozonated water from plastic packaging materials.
A comparison of warmed-over flavour in pork by sensory analysis, GC/MS and the electronic nose.
Solid-phase microextraction in the analysis of virgin olive oil volatile fraction: modifications induced by oxidation and suitable markers of oxidative status.
Electroantennographic and behavioral responses of the sphinx moth Manduca sexta to host plant headspace volatiles.
Identification of the female-produced sex pheromone of the scarab beetle, Hoplia equina.
Chain cleavage and sulfoxidation of thiastearoyl-ACP upon reaction with stearoyl-ACP desaturase.
Characterization of mouse short-chain aldehyde reductase (SCALD), an enzyme regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins.
Atmospheric chemistry of nonanal.
Composition of the essential oil of Mentha microphylla from the Gennargentu Mountains (Sardinia, Italy).
Olfactory sensitivity for aliphatic aldehydes in squirrel monkeys and pigtail macaques.
Determination of patterns of biologically relevant aldehydes in exhaled breath condensate of healthy subjects by liquid chromatography/atmospheric chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
Study of light-induced volatile compounds in goat's milk cheese.
Enhancing quality and oxidative stability of aged fried food with gamma-tocopherol.
Aldehydes in exhaled breath condensate of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Study on the mechanisms of the antibacterial action of some plant alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes.
Effect of cultivar and storage time on the volatile flavor components of baked potato.
Aroma active components in aqueous kiwi fruit essence and kiwi fruit puree by GC-MS and multidimensional GC/GC-O.
Desaturation, chain scission, and register-shift of oxygen-substituted fatty acids during reaction with stearoyl-ACP desaturase.
Light-induced oxidation in semihard cheeses. Evaluation of methods used to determine levels of oxidation.
Observation of volatile and semi-volatile carbonyls in an Algerian urban environment using dinitrophenylhydrazine/silica-HPLC and pentafluorophenylhydrazine/silica-GC-MS.
Attractant volatiles released by female and male Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), a vector of chagas disease: chemical analysis and behavioral bioassay.
Volatiles from rhizomes of Rhodiola rosea L.
Novel ABA- and dehydration-inducible aldehyde dehydrogenase genes isolated from the resurrection plant Craterostigma plantagineum and Arabidopsis thaliana.
Detection and quantification of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol in barley grains by GC-MS and electronic nose.
Chemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of Halimium voldii.
Identification of odoriferous compounds from adults of a swallowtail butterfly, Papilio machaon (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).
Volatile compounds of endophyte-free and infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.).
A silica-supported, switchable, and recyclable hydroformylation-hydrogenation catalyst.
Communication ecology of webbing clothes moth: 2. Identification of semiochemicals mediating attraction of adults to larval habitat.
Phytotoxic and fungitoxic activities of the essential oil of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) leaves and its composition.
Experimental studies on the mechanism of phospholipase C activation by the lipid peroxidation products 4-hydroxynonenal and 2-nonenal.
Elisa to quantify hexanal-protein adducts in a meat model system.
Aroma-active components of nonfat dry milk.
In vitro antibacterial activity of some aliphatic aldehydes from Olea europaea L.
Fragrance volatiles of developing and senescing carnation flowers.
Olfactory and behavioural responses of the blood-sucking bug Triatoma infestans to odours of vertebrate hosts.
Characterization of Volatiles in Rambutan Fruit (Nephelium lappaceum L.).
Volatiles for mycological quality grading of barley grains: determinations using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electronic nose.
Catalysis by amino acid-derived tetracoordinate complexes: enantioselective addition of dialkylzincs to aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes.
Effect of bioactive aldehydes on cell proliferation and c-myc expression in HL-60 human leukemic cells.
Selective activation of the c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase pathway during 4-hydroxynonenal-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells.
Olfactory and quantitative analysis of aroma compounds in elder flower (Sambucus nigra L.) drink processed from five cultivars.
Effects of the sniffing port air makeup in gas chromatography-olfactometry.
Comparison of the most odor-active compounds in fresh and dried hop cones (Humulus lupulus L. variety spalter select) based on GC-olfactometry and odor dilution techniques.
Aldehydes (nonanal and hexanal) in rat and human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after ozone exposure.
Effect of aldehyde lipid oxidation products on myoglobin.
Succinylpurinemic autism: increased sensitivity of defective adenylosuccinate lyase towards 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal.
Chemicals in laboratory room air stimulate olfactory neurons of female Bombyx mori.
Compartive study of volatile components and fatty acids of plants and in vitro cultures of parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill) nym ex hill).
Grapefruit gland oil composition is affected by wax application, storage temperature, and storage time.
Discrete species of activated oxygen yield different cytochrome P450 heme adducts from aldehydes.
Ozone exposure increases aldehydes in epithelial lining fluid in human lung.
Electroantennogram and oviposition bioassay responses of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) to chemicals in odors from Bermuda grass infusions.
Formation and export of the glutathione conjugate of 4-hydroxy-2, 3-E-nonenal (4-HNE) in hepatoma cells.
Comparison of protein oxidation and aldehyde formation during oxidative stress in isolated mitochondria.
Composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Helichrysum rupestre and H. ambiguum growing in the Balearic Islands (Part III)
Lipid ozonation products activate phospholipases A2, C, and D.
O3-induced formation of bioactive lipids: estimated surface concentrations and lining layer effects.
Preparation of useful synthetic intermediates of Taxol analogs, cyclooctenone derivatives.
Inhibition of NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide radical formation in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils by 4-hydroxynonenal--binding to -SH and -NH2 groups.
[Identification of volatile compounds of hawthorn by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)].
Effects of nonanal, trans-2-nonenal and 4-hydroxy-2,3-trans-nonenal on cyclooxygenase and 12-lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid in rabbit platelets.
[Analysis of the vol atiles from pigeon's excrement with capillary gas chromatography].
Induction of a wide range of C(2-12) aldehydes and C(7-12) acyloins in the kidney of Wistar rats after treatment with a renal carcinogen, ferric nitrilotriacetate.
Aggregation pheromone system of nymphal gregarious desert locust,Schistocerca gregaria (forskål).
Detection of aldehydes in bronchoalveolar lavage of rats exposed to ozone.
Reaction of ozone with enzymes of erythrocyte membranes.
Simultaneous determination of multiple aldehydes in biological tissues and fluids using gas chromatography/stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry.
Effect of 4-hydroxynonenal on superoxide anion production from primed human neutrophils.
Monoclonal antibodies for detection of 4-hydroxynonenal modified proteins.
AM1 calculations on inclusion complexes of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) with 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and nonanal, and comparison with experimental results.
Activation of eicosanoid metabolism in human airway epithelial cells by ozonolysis products of membrane fatty acids.
Effect of crop development on biogenic emissions from plant populations grown in closed plant growth chambers.
What does ozone react with at the air/lung interface? Model studies using human red blood cell membranes.
Olfactory reception of potential pheromones and plant odors by tarnished plant bug,Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Miridae).
Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of five n-alkanals in primary cultures of rat and human hepatocytes.
Identification of vertebrate volatiles stimulating olfactory receptors on tarsus I of the tick Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius (Ixodidae). I. Receptors within the Haller's organ capsule.
Ozonolysis products of membrane fatty acids activate eicosanoid metabolism in human airway epithelial cells.
Genotoxic properties of 4-hydroxyalkenals and analogous aldehydes.
Acyloin production from aldehydes in the perfused rat heart: the potential role of pyruvate dehydrogenase.
[Hygienic evaluation of photochemical transformation of automobile exhaust fumes as effected by ozone].
Inclusion complexes of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) and its methylated derivatives with the main components of the pheromone of the olive fruit fly.
Naturally occurring 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. II. Structures and syntheses of ardisianones A and B, and maesanin, alkenyl-1,4-benzoquinones from the rhizome of Ardisia japonica.
Effect of 4-hydroxy-2,3-trans-nonenal and related aldehydes on phospholipase C activity of rat neutrophils.
Identification of heptanal and nonanal in bronchoalveolar lavage from rats exposed to low levels of ozone.
Qualitative and quantitative analyses of volatiles and pheromone gland extracts collected fromGalleria mellonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).
Aldehyde-induced modifications of the microtubular system in 3T3 fibroblasts.
Oxidative damage to plasma constituents by ozone.
Interaction of C-9 aldehydes with microtubular protein in vitro and in cultured cells in the presence of taxol.
Experimental studies on the mechanism of action of 4-hydroxy-2,3-trans-nonenal, a lipid peroxidation product displaying chemotactic activity toward rat neutrophils.
The mixture of aldehydes and hydrogen peroxide produced in the ozonation of dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine causes hemolysis of human red blood cells.
Effects of some aldehydes on brain microtubular protein.
Olfactory sensitivity of two sympatric species of rice leaf folders (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to plant volatiles.
Bioluminescence decay kinetics in the reaction of bacterial luciferase with different aldehydes.
Possible mutagens derived from lipids and lipid precursors.
Volatile seed germination inhibitors from plant residues.
Attraction ofOryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) andOryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) to some common volatiles of food.
Mutagenicity in V79 Chinese hamster cells of n-alkanals produced by lipid peroxidation.
Saw-toothed grain beetleOryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) : Collection, identification, and bioassay of attractive volatiles from beetles and oats.
Urinary volatile profiles of pine vole,Microtus pinetorum, and their endocrine dependency.
Chemical communication in cucujid grain beetles.
Substrate preference of a cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase inducible in rat liver by treatment with 3-methylcholanthrene.
Oxygenated compounds in beeswax: identification and possible significance.
Possible role of aldehydic lipid peroxidation products as chemoattractants.
Pro-hemolytic effect of aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation.
Metabolism of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal by isolated hepatocytes and by liver cytosolic fractions.
Intraparticulate localization and some properties of a clofibrate-induced peroxisomal aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat liver.
Male olive fruit fly attraction to synthetic sex pheromone components in laboratory and field tests.
Subcellular distribution and properties of a clofibrate-induced aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat liver.
Volatile compounds from ponerine ants in the genusMesoponera.
Volatile compounds from the predatory insectPodisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) : Male and female metathoracic scent gland and female dorsal abdominal gland secretions.
[The effect of lacquer coatings on indoor air quality using as example radiator lacquers].
Environmental trace analysis of organics in water by glass capillary column chromatography and ancillary techniques. Products of ozonolysis.
Differences in germination response of spores of several species of rust and smut fungi to nonanal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and related compounds.
In vitro incorporation of 1-14C nonanal-9-oic acid into plasma and human red blood cells lipids.
Nonanal and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one: endogenous germination stimulators of uredospores of Puccinia graminis var. tritici and other rusts.
The Effect of Various Aliphatic Aldehydes and Related Compounds on the Growth of Dipodascus aggregatus.
Purification and partial characterization of a factor in cotton wax stimulating the germination of self-inhibited wheat stem rust uredospores.
Nonanal as a growth factor for wood-rotting fungi.
Pelargonaldehyde as an endogenous germination stimulator of wheat rust spores.
Publications by J-Stage
Volatile Attractants for the Common Bluebottle, Graphium sarpedon nipponum, from the Host, Cinnamomum camphora
Characterization of Volatile Aroma Compounds from Red and Black Rice Bran
Components of the Essential Oil from Matteuccia struthiopteris
Evaluation of Characteristic Aroma Compounds of Citrus natsudaidai Hayata (Natsudaidai) Cold-Pressed Peel Oil
MS Fragment Isotope Ratio Analysis for Evaluation of Citrus Essential Oils by HRGC-MS

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C17253
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
FooDB:FDB003303
Export Tariff Code:2912.19.5000
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
grade: technical, fcc.

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex Yes
Molecular weight 142.24165344238
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 6.815 to 6.881
Specific gravity @ 20 °C
Pounds per Gallon 6.831 to 6.898
Refractive Index 1.421 to 1.426 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 92 to 93°C @ 22 mm Hg
Boiling Point 191 to 193°C @ 760 mm Hg
Acid Value 10 max KOH/g
Vapor Pressure 0.532 mmHg @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value 63 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 3.461 est
Shelf life 12 months (or longer if stored properly.)
Storage notes Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. store under nitrogen.
Solubility
alcohol Yes
dipropylene glycol Yes
fixed oils Yes
paraffin oil, slightly cloudy Yes
propylene glycol Yes
water, 96 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) Yes
water, 131.6 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
glycerin No
Stability
cream Unspecified
deodorant spray Unspecified
hair spray Unspecified
non-discoloring in most media Unspecified
powder Unspecified
shampoo Unspecified

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Aldehydic
waxy, aldehydic, rose, fresh, orris, orange peel, fatty, peely, citrus, green, lemon peel, cucumber
Odor strength high , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less
Substantivity 276 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Luebke, William tgsc, (1982) At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. waxy aldehydic rose fresh orris orange peel fatty peely
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 26, No. 3, 80, (2001) At 1.00 %. Waxy, aldehydic, citrus, with a fresh slightly green lemon peel like nuance, and a cucumber fattiness
Flavor Type: Aldehydic
aldehydic, citrus, cucumber, melon, rindy, potato raw potato, oily, nutty, coconut
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 26, No. 3, 80, (2001) At 3.00 - 10.00 ppm. Effervescent, aldehydic citrus, cucumber and melon rindy, with raw potato and oily nutty and coconut like nuances
For an intense orange character in citrus and other flavors. Fatty citrus
General comment Waxy fatty citrus peel floral green

Occurrences

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi N - Irritant, Dangerous for the environment.
R 38 - Irritating to skin.
R 52/53 - Harmful to qauatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing.
S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
Flammable liquids (Category 4), H227
Skin irritation (Category 2), H315
Eye irritation (Category 2A), H319
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), Respiratory system, H335
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogramexclamation-mark.jpg
Signal word Warning
Hazard statement(s)
H227 - Combustible liquid
H315 - Causes skin irritation
H319 - Causes serious eye irritation
H335 - May cause respiratory irritation
Precautionary statement(s)
P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.
P261 - Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling.
P271 - Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P302 + P352 - IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.
P304 + P340 - IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338 - IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P312 - Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P321 - Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on this msds).
P332 + P313 - IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P337 + P313 - IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P362 - Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction.
P403 + P233 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P405 - Store locked up.
P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
Human Experience:
1 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0534476

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LDLo 5000 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0534468

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-rat LC > 9500 mg/m3/4H
National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0534471

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for nonanal (aldehyde C-9) usage levels up to:
1.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -2.30000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -1.30000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: 0.2000038.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -1.30000
fruit ices: -1.30000
gelatins / puddings: -6.00000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -4.10000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 3, Revision 1 (FGE.03Rev1): Acetals of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and branched- and straight-chain saturated or unsaturated aldehydes, an ester of a hemiacetal and an orthoester of formic acid, from chemical groups 1, 2 & 4 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) [1] - Scientific Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)on a request from the Commission
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 61 (FGE.61): Consideration of aliphatic acyclic acetals evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to acetals of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and branched- and straight-chain saturated aldehydes, and an orthoester of formic acid evaluated by EFSA in FGE.03 (2004) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000)
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 61, Revision 1 (FGE.61Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic acetals evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to acetals of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and branched- and straight-chain saturated aldehydes and one orthoester of formic acid evaluated
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of straight-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing saturated alcohols and acetals containing saturated aldehydes (chemical group 1) when used as flavourings for all animal species
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):124-19-6
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :31289
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 3082
WGK Germany:2
nonanal
Chemidplus:0000124196
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:RA5700000 for cas# 124-19-6