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alpha-terpinene
General Material Information
| Preferred name | alpha-terpinene |
| Trivial Name | α-Terpinene |
| Short Description | p-mentha-1,3-diene |
| Formula | C10 H16 |
| CAS Number | 99-86-5 |
| FEMA Number | 3558 |
| Flavis Number | 1.019 |
| ECHA Number | 202-795-1 |
| FDA UNII | I24X278AP1 |
| Nikkaji Number | J4.975A |
| Beilstein Number | 1853379 |
| MDL | MFCD00001534 |
| COE Number | 11023 |
| xLogP3-AA | 2.80 (est) |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 1339 p-mentha-1,3-diene |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 99-86-5 ; ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| 1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 99-86-5 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 7462 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134972061 |
| Flavornet: | 99-86-5 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C09898 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB36995 |
| FooDB: | FDB015967 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2902.19.0050 |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | Yes |
| Molecular weight | 136.23751831055 |
| Specific gravity | @ 25 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 6.931 to 6.973 |
| Refractive Index | 1.475 to 1.48 @ 20 °C |
| Boiling Point | 173 to 175°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 1.638 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Vapor Density | 4.7 |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 46.11 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 4.25 |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| fixed oils | Yes |
| water, 5.915 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water | No |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Woody | |
| woody, terpenic, lemon, herbal, medicinal, citrus, camphoreous, thyme, spicy, juicy | |
| Odor strength | medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less |
| Substantivity | > 2 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| Luebke, William tgsc, (1986) | At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. woody terpene lemon herbal medicinal citrus |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 25, No. 6, 26, (2000) | At 10.00 %. Citrusy, woody, terpy with camphoraceous and thymol notes. It has spicy and juicy citrus nuances |
| Flavor Type: Terpenic | |
| terpenic, woody, pine, citrus, lemon, lime, spicy, minty | |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 25, No. 6, 26, (2000) | At 5.00 - 100.00 ppm. Terpy, woody, piney, citrus lemon and lime with spice and mint nuances |
| General comment | Terpene, citrus |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
| Applications | |
| Odor purposes | Bergamot , Cardamom oil replacer , Citrus , Coriander , Lemon , Lime , Mandarin , Mint , Nutmeg , Orange , Spice , Woody |
| Flavoring purposes | Carrot , Coriander |
| Cosmetic purposes | Perfuming agents |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xn N - Harmful, Dangerous for the environment. | |
| R 10 - Flammable. R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. R 51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Human Experience: | |
| 5 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 1680 mg/kg (Moreno, 1973ah) oral-rat LD50 1680 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 14, Pg. 873, 1976. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavor and fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for alpha-terpinene usage levels up to: | |||
| 5.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 28.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 93.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) | ||
| Structure Class: | I | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 11 | |||
| Click here to view publication 11 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 21.50000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 12.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | 10.00000 | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | - | - | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | 11.50000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | - | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | 12.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | - | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | 20.00000 | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | 17.80000 | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, (FGE.25)[1] - Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 78 (FGE.78)[1] - Consideration of Aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives,Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 1 (FGE.78Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev2 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 View page or View pdf |
| Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance terpenoid blend QRD-460 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (chemical group 31) when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3 View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: View |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):99-86-5 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :7462 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| SCCNFP:opinion |
| WISER:UN 2319 |
| WGK Germany:2 |
| 1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene |
| Chemidplus:0000099865 |
| RTECS:OS8060000 for cas# 99-86-5 |