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difurfuryl ether
General Material Information
| Preferred name | difurfuryl ether |
| Trivial Name | Difurfuryl ether |
| Short Description | 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bisfuran |
| Formula | C10 H10 O3 |
| CAS Number | 4437-22-3 |
| Deleted CAS Number | 1801783-78-7 |
| FEMA Number | 3337 |
| Flavis Number | 13.061 |
| FDA UNII | 55L57OC81G |
| Nikkaji Number | J102.641K |
| Beilstein Number | 0156726 |
| COE Number | 10930 |
| xLogP3-AA | 1.30 (est) |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 1522 difurfuryl ether |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 4437-22-3 ; DIFURFURYL ETHER |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| 2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 4437-22-3 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 263034 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135263851 |
| Publications by Info | |
| substances containing furan substitution | |
| Publications by US Patents | |
| 3,940,502 - Flavoring agent | |
| Furfurylthioacetone | |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB33248 |
| FooDB: | FDB011267 |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: | Read Report |
| EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: | Read Report |
| EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food: | Read Report |
Suppliers
| BOC Sciences | Penta International |
| United International | WholeChem |
| Penta International Corporation | Taytonn ASCC |
| Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Co Ltd |
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Molecular weight | 178.18730163574 |
| Specific gravity | @ 25 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 12.531 to 12.581 |
| Refractive Index | 1.138 to 1.144 @ 20 °C |
| Boiling Point | 88 to 89°C @ 1 mm Hg |
| Acid Value | 1 max KOH/g |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.109 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 105.56 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 1.797 est |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 711.3 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water | No |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Coffee | |
| coffee, nutty, earthy | |
| General comment | At 0.10 % in propylene glycol. coffee nutty earthy |
| Flavor Type: Coffee | |
| coffee, mushroom | |
| General comment | Coffee mushroom-like |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Safety Information
Safety information
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi - Irritant | |
| R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 210 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM DUODENUM GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 93, 1990. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavoring agents | |||
| Recommendation for difurfuryl ether usage levels up to: | |||
| not for fragrance use. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.09 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Structure Class: | II | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 6 | |||
| Click here to view publication 6 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 1.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | - | - | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | - | |
| fruit ices: | - | - | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | 1.00000 | |
| hard candy: | - | - | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | 1.00000 | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | 1.00000 | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 (FGE.67): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c) View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 1 (FGE.67Rev.1): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c) View page or View pdf |
| Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing. The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000). View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 Revision 2 (FGE.67Rev2): Consideration of 28 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th and 69th meetings (JECFA, 2001, 2006a, 2009b) View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 3 (FGE.67Rev3): consideration of 23 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th, 69th and 86th meetings View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):4437-22-3 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :263034 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| 2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan |
| Chemidplus:0004437223 |