aspartame-acesulfame salt

General Material Information

Preferred name	aspartame-acesulfame salt
Trivial Name	Twinsweet
Short Description	methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide salt of L-phenylalanyl-2-methyl-L-alpha-aspartic acid
Formula	C18 H23 O9 N3 S
CAS Number	106372-55-8
FDA UNII	IFE6C6BS24
NMR Predictor	External link
Synonyms	(3R)-3-amino-4-[[(2R)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid; 6-methyl-2,2-dioxooxathiazin-4-one [2-carboxy-beta-(N-(b-methoxycarbonyl-2-phenyl)ethylcarbamoyl)]ethanaminium-6-methyl-4-oxo-1,2,3-oxathiazin-3-ide-2,2-dioxide methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide salt of L-phenylalanyl-2-methyl-L-alpha-aspartic acid 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide salt of laevo-phenylalanyl-2-methyl-laevo-alpha-aspartic acid (3R)-3-amino-4-[[(2R)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid; 6-methyl-2,2-dioxooxathiazin-4-one L-Phenylalanine, L-α-aspartyl-, 2-methyl ester, compd. with 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide (1:1) L-Phenylalanine, N-L-α-aspartyl-, 1-methyl ester, compd. with 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide (1:1) 1,2,3-Oxathiazin-4(3H)-one, 6-methyl-, 2,2-dioxide, compd. with N-L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (1:1) 1,2,3-Oxathiazin-4(3H)-one, 6-methyl-, 2,2-dioxide, compd. with L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 2-methyl ester (1:1) Twinsweet Acesulfame-Aspartame salt Twinsweet LA

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Literature & References

	(3R)-3-amino-4-[[(2R)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid; 6-methyl-2,2-dioxooxathiazin-4-one
NIST Chemistry WebBook:	Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):	44145714
Pubchem (sid):	135200495

Publications by PubMed
Sub-minute method for simultaneous determination of aspartame, cyclamate, acesulfame-K and saccharin in food and pharmaceutical samples by capillary zone electrophoresis.
Assessment of stability of binary sweetener blend (aspartame x acesulfame-K) during storage in whey lemon beverage.
Modified high-density lipoproteins by artificial sweetener, aspartame, and saccharin, showed loss of anti-atherosclerotic activity and toxicity in zebrafish.
Fate of artificial sweeteners in wastewater treatment plants in New York State, U.S.A.
Molecularly imprinted sol-gel nanofibers based solid phase microextraction coupled on-line with high performance liquid chromatography for selective determination of acesulfame.
Stability considerations of aspartame in the direct analysis of artificial sweeteners in water samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).
Development of low calorie snack food based on intense sweeteners.
Rebaudioside A and Rebaudioside D bitterness do not covary with Acesulfame K bitterness or polymorphisms in TAS2R9 and TAS2R31.
Estimated intake of the sweeteners, acesulfame-K and aspartame, from soft drinks, soft drinks based on mineral waters and nectars for a group of Portuguese teenage students.
Risk assessment of additives through soft drinks and nectars consumption on Portuguese population: a 2010 survey.
High-intensity sweetener consumption and gut microbiome content and predicted gene function in a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States.
Non-nutritive sweeteners: no class effect on the glycaemic or appetite responses to ingested glucose.
FTIR determination of Aspartame and Acesulfame-K in tabletop sweeteners.
Advantame sweetener preference in C57BL/6J mice and Sprague-Dawley rats.
Low-calorie sweeteners in food and food supplements on the Italian market.
Effects of three intense sweeteners on fat storage in the C. elegans model.
In vivo cytogenetic studies on blends of aspartame and acesulfame-K.
Effects of artificial sweeteners on the AhR- and GR-dependent CYP1A1 expression in primary human hepatocytes and human cancer cells.
Effect of carbonation on brain processing of sweet stimuli in humans.
Artificial sweeteners: safe or unsafe?
An Equiratio Mixture Model for non-additive components: a case study for aspartame/acesulfame-K mixtures.
[A rapid dialysis method for analysis of artificial sweeteners in food].
Genotoxicity testing of low-calorie sweeteners: aspartame, acesulfame-K, and saccharin.
Estimated intake of the artificial sweeteners acesulfame-K, aspartame, cyclamate and saccharin in a group of Swedish diabetics.
Intake of saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame K and cyclamate in Italian teenagers: present levels and projections.
[The psychophysics of sweet taste. 7. New determination of sweet taste parameters of acesulfame, aspartame, cyclamate, saccharin, glucose and sorbitol].
Effect of sweeteners and hydrocolloids on quality attributes of reduced-calorie carrot juice.
Determination of high-intensity sweeteners in river water and wastewater by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
[Rapid analysis of six sweeteners in wine by dispersive solid-phase extraction and ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry].
Nonnutritive Sweeteners in Breast Milk.
Ubiquitous Detection of Artificial Sweeteners and Iodinated X-ray Contrast Media in Aquatic Environmental and Wastewater Treatment Plant Samples from Vietnam, The Philippines, and Myanmar.
Addition of sucralose enhances the release of satiety hormones in combination with pea protein.
Emission of artificial sweeteners, select pharmaceuticals, and personal care products through sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Korea.
Dietary intake of non-nutritive sweeteners in type 1 diabetes mellitus children.
Dietary intake of artificial sweeteners by the Belgian population.
Determination of aspartame by ion chromatography with electrochemical integrated amperometric detection.
Simultaneous determination of sweeteners in beverages by LC-MS/MS.
Review of the nutritional benefits and risks related to intense sweeteners.
Effects of carbohydrate sugars and artificial sweeteners on appetite and the secretion of gastrointestinal satiety peptides.
[Influences of ion-suppressors on retention behaviors of nine food additives in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic separation].
Occurrence of seven artificial sweeteners in the aquatic environment and precipitation of Tianjin, China.
[Simultaneous determination of various aseptics and sweeteners in milk and dairy products].
Determination of artificial sweeteners by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection optimized by hydrodynamic pumping.
Nonnutritive sweeteners are not supernormal stimuli.
Determination of eight artificial sweeteners and common Stevia rebaudiana glycosides in non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.
The effect of five artificial sweeteners on Caco-2, HT-29 and HEK-293 cells.
[Consumption of carbonated beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners in Latin American university students].
Effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, food and drink intake.
Role of nitrification in the biodegradation of selected artificial sweetening agents in biological wastewater treatment process.
Artificial sweeteners - a review.
Improved powder mix quality with Twinsweet.
Responses of single chorda tympani taste fibers of the calf (Bos taurus).
[The use of low-calorie sweeteners].
Rate of atherosclerosis progression in ApoE-/- mice long after discontinuation of cola beverage drinking.
Selective continuous monitoring and analysis of mixtures of acesulfame-K, cyclamate, and saccharin in artificial sweetener tablets, diet soft drinks, yogurts, and wines using filter-supported bilayer lipid membranes.
Bitterness prediction of H1-antihistamines and prediction of masking effects of artificial sweeteners using an electronic tongue.
Qualitative and quantitative control of carbonated cola beverages using ¹H NMR spectroscopy.
[Simultaneous determination of five synthetic sweeteners in food by solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection].
[Modification of fasting blood glucose in adults with diabetes mellitus type 2 after regular soda and diet soda intake in the State of Querétaro, Mexico].
Estimation of the dietary intake of 13 priority additives in France, Italy, the UK and Ireland as part of the FACET project.
[Simultaneous determination of twelve sweeteners and nine preservatives in foods by solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS].
Estimated intake of intense sweeteners from non-alcoholic beverages in Denmark.
Intake of intense sweeteners in Germany.
Application of dispersive solid-phase extraction and ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry in food additive residue analysis of red wine.
Reaction kinetics and efficiencies for the hydroxyl and sulfate radical based oxidation of artificial sweeteners in water.
Effects of intense sweeteners on hunger, food intake, and body weight: a review.
Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants.
Enhancement of rat bladder contraction by artificial sweeteners via increased extracellular Ca2+ influx.
Metabolic acidosis mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis after use of calorie-free mineral water.
Sweetener/sweetness-induced changes in flavor perception and flavor release of fruity and green character in beverages.
Estimated intake of intense sweeteners from non-alcoholic beverages in Denmark, 2005.
Analysis of multiple sweeteners and their degradation products in lassi by HPLC and HPTLC plates.
Artificial sweeteners--a recently recognized class of emerging environmental contaminants: a review.
Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: use of nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners.
Effects of artificial sweeteners on insulin release and cationic fluxes in rat pancreatic islets.
Separation and simultaneous determination of four artificial sweeteners in food and beverages by ion chromatography.
Adherence of Streptococcus mutans to smooth surfaces in the presence of artificial sweeteners.
Analysis and occurrence of seven artificial sweeteners in German waste water and surface water and in soil aquifer treatment (SAT).
Analysis of nine food additives in red wine by ion-suppression reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using trifluoroacetic acid and ammonium acetate as ion-suppressors.
The content of high-intensity sweeteners in different categories of foods available on the Polish market.
Retention behaviour of some high-intensity sweeteners on different SPE sorbents.
Acidogenicity of high-intensity sweeteners and polyols.
[Determination of five synthetic sweeteners in wines using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].
Gain weight by "going diet?" Artificial sweeteners and the neurobiology of sugar cravings: Neuroscience 2010.
Determination of nine high-intensity sweeteners in various foods by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection.
Detection of food additives by voltammetry at the liquid-liquid interface.
Artificial sweeteners--do they bear a carcinogenic risk?
Modified apolipoprotein (apo) A-I by artificial sweetener causes severe premature cellular senescence and atherosclerosis with impairment of functional and structural properties of apoA-I in lipid-free and lipid-bound state.
Oral zinc sulfate solutions inhibit sweet taste perception.
Acceptable daily intake and the regulation of intense sweeteners.
Uncoupling sweet taste and calories: comparison of the effects of glucose and three intense sweeteners on hunger and food intake.
Frozen yogurt with added inulin and isomalt.
Simultaneous determination of nonnutritive sweeteners in foods by HPLC/ESI-MS.
The intake of intense sweeteners - an update review.
[Analysis of nine kinds of sweeteners in foods by LC/MS].
Whole nerve chorda tympani responses to sweeteners in C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J mice.
Calculation of the intake of three intense sweeteners in young insulin-dependent diabetics.
Solution properties and sweetness response of selected bulk and intense sweeteners.
[Simultaneous determination of six synthetic sweeteners in food by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].
Reducing added sugar intake in Norway by replacing sugar sweetened beverages with beverages containing intense sweeteners - a risk benefit assessment.
Physical properties and bioactive constituents of powdered mixtures and drinks prepared with cocoa and various sweeteners.
An electronic tongue: evaluation of the masking efficacy of sweetening and/or flavoring agents on the bitter taste of epinephrine.
The powder flow and compact mechanical properties of sucrose and three high-intensity sweeteners used in chewable tablets.
Sweet taste in the calf: III. Behavioral responses to sweeteners.
Behavioral study in the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) using compounds considered sweet by humans.
The capsaicin receptor participates in artificial sweetener aversion.
Adaptation of sweeteners in water and in tannic acid solutions.
Bitterness of sweeteners as a function of concentration.
Artificial sweeteners and salts producing a metallic taste sensation activate TRPV1 receptors.
Simultaneous determination of sweeteners and preservatives in preserved fruits by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography.
Reverse phase liquid chromatographic determination of some food additives.
[Simultaneous determination of artificial sweeteners in beverage by ultra performance liquid chromatography].
Determination of nine intense sweeteners in foodstuffs by high-performance liquid chromatography and evaporative light-scattering detection: interlaboratory study.
Simultaneous determination of antioxidants, preservatives and sweetener additives in food and cosmetics by flow injection analysis coupled to a monolithic column.
Simultaneous determination of nine intense sweeteners in foodstuffs by high performance liquid chromatography and evaporative light scattering detection--development and single-laboratory validation.
Dietary estimated intake of intense sweeteners by Italian teenagers. Present levels and projections derived from the INRAN-RM-2001 food survey.
Fluoride concentration and pH of iced tea products.
Sweetener preference of C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J mice.
Lack of DNA-damaging activity of five non-nutritive sweeteners in the rat hepatocyte/DNA repair assay.
Effect of temperature, pH, and ions on sweet taste.
Simultaneous determination of antioxidants, preservatives and sweeteners permitted as additives in food by mixed micellar electrokinetic chromatography.
Effect of chewing gums on plaque pH after a sucrose challenge.
Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic determination of artificial sweeteners in low-Joule soft drinks and other foods.
Gustatory neural coding in the monkey cortex: the quality of sweetness.
Review of present and future use of nonnutritive sweeteners.
The metabolism of intense sweeteners.
Direct simultaneous determination of eight sweeteners in foods by capillary isotachophoresis.
Position of the American Dietetic Association: use of nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners.
[Simultaneous determination of various food additives by high performance liquid chromatography].
Simultaneous determination of artificial sweeteners, preservatives, caffeine, theobromine and theophylline in food and pharmaceutical preparations by ion chromatography.
Selective inhibition of sweetness by the sodium salt of +/-2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propanoic acid.
Effects of sweetness and energy in drinks on food intake following exercise.
Noncariogenic intense natural sweeteners.
Investigation of synergism in binary mixtures of sweeteners.

Other Information

(IUPAC):	Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
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(IUPAC):	Periodic Table of the Elements
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FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:	View
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ChemSpider:	View
Wikipedia:	View

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex	No
Molecular weight	457.46011352539
Flash Point TCC Value	277.8 °C TCC
logP (o/w)	1.108 est
Solubility
alcohol, slightly	Yes
water, sparingly	Yes

Organoleptic Properties

Flavor Type: Sweet
sweet, sugar
General comment	Sweet

Safety Information

Safety information


Hazards identification

Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram

Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
sweeteners, flavor enhancers
Recommendation for aspartame-acesulfame salt usage levels up to:
	not for fragrance use.

Safety references

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Outcome of the public consultation on a draft protocol for assessing exposure to sweeteners as part of their safety assessment under the food additives re-evaluation programme
View page or View pdf

AIDS Citations:Search

Cancer Citations:Search

Toxicology Citations:Search

EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data

EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry

Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :44145714

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data

(3R)-3-amino-4-[[(2R)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid; 6-methyl-2,2-dioxooxathiazin-4-one

Chemidplus:0106372558